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original on March 20, 2012. Retrieved April 5, 2010. ^ "Official Word on Adult Swim Action". Anime News Network. January 22, 2002. Archived from the original on June 28, 2007. Retrieved May 21, 2008. ^ "Program
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Archived from the original on April 18, 2023. Retrieved April 18, 2023. ^ a b "Akira Press Release". Anime News Network. May 15, 2001. Archived from the original on April 18, 2023. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
Other precursors to isekai include portal fantasy stories
from English literature, notably the novels Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865), A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1889), The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900), Peter Pan (1904) and The Chronicles of Narnia (1950). [10][unreliable source?] Modern media[edit] See also: List of isekai works The earliest modern Japanese isekai stories include Haruka Takachiho's novel Warrior from Another World (1981), Tatsunoko Production CBN collaborative Christian
anime Superbook (1981), and Yoshiyuki Tomino's anime Aura Battler Dunbine (1983). [11][12][13] The earliest isekai anime to involve the protagonist being trapped in the virtual world of a video game was the film Super Mario Bros. : The Great Mission to Rescue Princess Peach! (1986), based on the hit video game Super Mario Bros. (1985); the anime film adaptation involves Mario playing a video game that comes to life, making it an ancestor of the "trapped in a video game" subgenre of isekai. [11][14] Other early anime and manga titles that could be classified as isekai include Mashin Hero Wataru (1988 debut), NG Knight Ramune & 40 (1990 debut), Fushigi Yûgi (1992 debut), El-Hazard (1995 debut), and The Vision of Escaflowne (1996 debut), in which the protagonists stayed similar to their original appearance upon entering a different world. [15][16] Other 1990s titles identified as isekai include the novel and anime series The Twelve Kingdoms (1992 debut),[17] the manga/anime/game franchise Magic Knight Rayearth (1993 debut),[17] the visual novel adventure game YU-NO: A Girl Who Chants Love at the Bound of this World (1996),[18][19] the manga and anime series Inuyasha (1996 debut), and the anime series Now and Then, Here and There and Digimon Adventure (both 1999 debut). Spirited Away (2001) was one of the first isekai anime films known worldwide, although the term "isekai" was not commonly used at the time. [16][12] The role-playing adventure game Moon: Remix RPG Adventure (1997),[20] and the Digimon Adventure (1999 debut) and . hack (2002 debut) franchises, were some of the first works to present the concept of isekai as a virtual world, with Sword Art Online (2002 web novel debut) following in their footsteps,[21] though this categorization has been disputed,[22] including by the series' creator. [23] Another isekai anime series from the 2000s is Magical Shopping Arcade Abenobashi (2002).
