la douce agonie dadam
Rap-Up. com. December 22, 2011. Archived from the original on
September 8, 2014.
Retrieved January 16, 2012. ^ a b c Renniger, Bryce J. (October 12, 2012). "Will You See This Movie?: First-Time Writer and 'Jawbreaker' Director Team for 'G. B. F. ,' a Gay Best Friend
Teen Comedy".
Like san, it’s gender-neutral, but it holds a much higher degree of deference. As such, it’s often used to reflect social rank and tacked onto people like kings (“Bossu-sama,” like the king in Ranking of Kings), princesses (“hime-sama” – think Zelda), or god (“kami-sama,” like God Eneru in One Piece). In a true one-sentence summation of the vibe of Japanese customer service, it’s also often used to refer to
guests in restaurants, hotels, and other hospitality situations (you’ll now
notice “okyakusama” all the freaking time). Sensei Sensei literally means “teacher. ” As such, it’s a plain old noun, but it’s also an honorific. Watch any anime which takes place in a school, and you’ll notice students refer to their teachers not with san, but with sensei. And since sensei is also gender neutral, it’s a rather nice alternative to the “Ms. / Mrs. / Miss / ?!?!” debacle I had to put up with during my school career. Sensei can really refer to any instructor-type, or anyone with a lot of knowledge or who has mastered their craft, like doctors or professional musicians/artists. Senpai Critical to the high school romance genre, senpai is for someone who is your “senior” in some way.
When referring to a third person, honorifics are used except when referring to one's family members while talking to a non-family member or when referring to a member of one's company while talking to a customer or someone from another company—this is the uchi–soto (in-group / out-group) distinction. Honorifics are not used to refer to oneself, except when trying to be arrogant (ore-sama), to be cute (-chan), or sometimes when talking to young children to teach them how to address the speaker. [1] Use of honorifics is correlated with other
forms of honorific speech in Japanese, such as the use of the polite form (-masu, desu) versus the plain form—that is, using the plain form with a polite honorific (-san, -sama) can be jarring. While these honorifics are solely used on proper nouns, these suffixes can turn common nouns into appropriate nouns when attached to the end of them. This can be seen in words such as neko-chan (猫ちゃん) which turns the common noun neko (cat) into a proper noun that would refer solely to that particular cat while adding the honorific -chan can also mean cute. Translation[edit] When translating honorific suffixes into English, separate pronouns or adjectives must be used to convey
characteristics to the person they are referencing.
