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Hieronymus Bosch's The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things The Holy Spirit and the Seven Deadly Sins. Folio from Walters manuscript W. 171 (15th century) Part of a series onCatholic philosophy Aquinas, Scotus, and Ockham Ethics Cardinal virtues Just price Just war Principle of Double Effect Probabilism Natural law Personalism Social teaching Liberation Theology Christian Humanism Virtue ethics Metaphysics Conceptualism Realism Moderate realism Nominalism Quiddity (essence / nature) Haecceity Quinque Viae Predestination Theological determinism Compatibilism Divine Attributes Schools Augustinianism Victorines Llullism Cartesianism Christian Neoplatonism Friends of God Molinism Ressourcement Occamism Scholasticism Second scholasticism Neo Scotism Thomism Analytic Salamanca Philosophers Ancient Ambrose Athanasius Augustine Benedict Boethius Clement Cyprian Cyril Gregory (of Nazianzus) Gregory (of Nyssa) Irenaeus Jerome Cassian Chrysostom Climacus John of Damascus Justin Maximus Dionysius Origen Paul Tertullian Medieval Abelard Albert Anselm Aquinas Bacon Bede Berengar Bernard Bonaventure Buridan Catherine Eckhart Eriugena Giles Gregory I Gundissalinus Hildegard Hugh Isidore Llull Lombard Martin Nicholas Ockham Oresme Paschasius Roscellinus Scotus Symeon Thierry Modern Arnauld Ávila Azpilcueta Bellarmine Bonald Bossuet Brentano Botero Cajetan Chateaubriand Cortés Descartes Erasmus Fénelon Gracián Kołłątaj Krasicki La Mennais Liguori Maistre Malebranche Mariana Meinong Mercado Molina More Newman Pascal Rosmini Sales Soto Suárez Vico Vitoria Caramuel Contemporary Adler Anscombe Balthasar Barron Benedict XVI Blondel Chesterton Congar Copleston Finnis Garrigou-Lagrange Geach Gilson Girard Gutiérrez Dávila Guardini Haldane Hildebrand John Paul II Lonergan Lubac MacIntyre Marcel Marion Maritain McLuhan Mounier Pieper Rahner Stein Taylor Catholicism portal Philosophy portalvte The seven deadly sins, also known as the capital vices or cardinal sins, is a grouping and classification of vices within Christian, particularly Catholic, teachings. [1] According to the standard list, they are pride, greed, wrath, envy, lust, gluttony and sloth, which are contrary to the seven heavenly virtues. This classification originated with Tertullian and continued with Evagrius Ponticus. [2] The seven deadly sins are discussed in treatises and depicted in paintings and sculpture decorations on Catholic churches as well as older textbooks. [1] History[edit] Greco-Roman antecedents[edit] Roman writers such as Horace extolled virtues, and they listed and warned against vices. His first epistles say that "to flee vice is the beginning of virtue and to have got rid of folly is the beginning of wisdom. "[3] An allegorical image depicting the human heart subject to the seven deadly sins, each represented by an animal (clockwise: toad = avarice; snake = envy; lion = wrath; snail = sloth; pig = gluttony; goat = lust; peacock = pride). Origin of the currently recognized seven deadly sins[edit] These "evil thoughts" can be categorized as follows:[4] physical (thoughts produced by the nutritive, sexual, and acquisitive appetites) emotional (thoughts produced by depressive, irascible, or dismissive moods) mental (thoughts produced by jealous/envious, boastful, or hubristic states of mind) The fourth-century monk Evagrius Ponticus reduced the nine logismoi to eight, as follows:[5][6] Γαστριμαργία (gastrimargia) gluttony Πορνεία (porneia) prostitution, fornication Φιλαργυρία (philargyria) greed Λύπη (lypē) sadness, rendered in the Philokalia as envy, sadness at another's good fortune Ὀργή (orgē) wrath Ἀκηδία (akēdia) acedia, rendered in the Philokalia as dejection Κενοδοξία (kenodoxia) boasting Ὑπερηφανία (hyperēphania) pride, sometimes rendered as self-overestimation, arrogance, or grandiosity[7] Evagrius's list was translated into the Latin of Western Christianity in many writings of John Cassian,[8][9] thus becoming part of the Western tradition's spiritual pietas or Catholic devotions as follows:[4] Gula (gluttony) Luxuria/Fornicatio (lust, fornication) Avaritia (greed) Tristitia (sorrow/despair/despondency) Ira (wrath) Acedia (sloth) Vanagloria (vain, glory) Superbia (pride, hubris) In AD 590, Pope Gregory I revised the list to form a more common list. [10] Gregory combined tristitia with acedia and vanagloria with superbia, adding envy, which is invidia in Latin.
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